Japanese N1 grammar “〜をものともせずに” describes continuing to act without being deterred by a serious obstacle, often with an admiring or narrative tone. This guide explains its noun＋をものともせず（に） structure, common uses with severe weather, opposition, criticism, illness, and long-term hardship, and how it differs from 〜にもかかわらず, 〜を乗り越えて, and 〜をよそに. It also compares the pattern with Korean -에도 아랑곳하지 않고 and -에도 굴하지 않고.
Category: 第二外語生活實踐 (en)
Japanese Potential Form Explained: Conjugation Rules, 3 Main Uses, and the Difference Between “Can” and Permission
The Japanese potential form expresses whether an action is possible because of ability, circumstances, or available conditions. This guide explains how godan and ichidan verbs form the potential, how する and 来る change, and how potential expressions differ from permission with 〜てもいい. It also covers が vs を, 見える vs 見られる, passive and honorific ambiguity, ら抜き言葉, practical travel Japanese, and the Korean equivalent -(으)ㄹ 수 있다／없다.
How to Use Japanese Imperative and Prohibitive Forms: Conjugation Rules, Tone, and When to Use Them
Japanese imperative and prohibitive forms are much stronger than ordinary requests. This guide explains how godan and ichidan verbs change, how する and 来る form commands, how the prohibitive “dictionary form＋な” works, and when expressions such as 見ろ, 行け, and 触るな are appropriate. It also compares 命令形 with 〜なさい, 〜てください, and Korean command expressions.
How to Use Japanese “らしい”: A Complete Guide to Its Two Main Meanings—“Apparently” and “Typical of…”
Japanese “らしい” has two major uses: it can express hearsay or inference based on indirect information, and it can describe something as having typical characteristics. This guide explains both meanings, how to distinguish ambiguous forms such as 学生らしい, and how らしい differs from そうだ, ようだ, みたいだ, っぽい, and related Korean expressions.
Japanese Nominalization with “の” and “こと”: Conjugation Rules, Fixed Patterns, and Key Nuance Differences
Japanese “の” and “こと” can both nominalize verbs and clauses, but they are not always interchangeable. This guide explains when fixed patterns require こと, why perception and event-related verbs often use の, when both forms are possible, and why the simple rule “の is concrete, こと is abstract” is not enough. It also covers practical examples, のです vs nominalizing の, and the Korean forms -는 것 and -기.
Japanese “ということだ” Explained: Hearsay, “In Other Words,” and the Differences from “そうだ,” “わけだ,” and “とのことだ”
Japanese “ということだ” has two major uses: relaying information from an outside source and drawing a conclusion from existing facts or rules. This guide explains how to tell the two meanings apart and compares “ということだ” with “そうだ,” “わけだ,” and “とのことだ.”
Japanese “むしろ,” “かえって,” and “いっそ” Compared: Meanings, Usage, Examples, and Korean Equivalents
Japanese “むしろ,” “かえって,” and “いっそ” can all be translated with words such as “rather,” “instead,” or “actually,” but their meanings differ. This guide explains how むしろ handles comparison, かえって expresses unexpected results, and いっそ introduces a more decisive alternative.
Japanese “とても・あまり・全然” Compared: Degree Adverbs, Examples, and Why “全然大丈夫” Is Natural
Japanese “とても,” “あまり,” and “全然” express very different degrees. This guide explains how とても intensifies a quality, あまり〜ない softens a negative, 全然〜ない means “not at all,” and why modern expressions such as 全然大丈夫 and 全然いい are natural.
How Do You Tell Volitional and Non-Volitional Verbs Apart in Japanese? Understanding the Difference Through “開ける／開く”
Japanese volitional and non-volitional verbs are best understood through control rather than fixed vocabulary lists. This guide explains how volitionality affects 〜たい, 〜ために and 〜ように, how it differs from transitive and intransitive verbs, and why context matters with verbs such as 忘れる, 見える and 聞こえる.
What Does “〜ばかりに” Mean? A Complete N2 Guide to Usage, Conjugation, and Examples
Japanese “〜ばかりに” highlights a particular cause and expresses regret that an undesirable result happened because of it. This guide explains its conjugation, three major uses, “〜たいばかりに,” and how it differs from “〜せいで,” “〜ために,” and “〜ので.”
Japanese “〜からには,” “〜なり,” and “〜そばから”: How Do “Now That,” “As Soon As,” and “No Sooner… Than Again” Differ?
Japanese “〜からには,” “〜なり,” and “〜そばから” all connect two clauses, but they describe different relationships. “〜からには” expresses responsibility or determination, “〜なり” describes an immediate one-time reaction, and “〜そばから” emphasizes repeated situations where the previous result is quickly undone.
Japanese “〜んがために”: Meaning, Conjugation, and How to Use “せんがために”
Japanese “〜んがために” is an archaic, formal way to express purpose. This guide explains why the ん is not negative, how verbs conjugate, why する becomes せんがために, and how the pattern differs from 〜ために and 〜ように.
What Does Japanese “〜禁じ得ない” Mean? Usage, Conjugation, and the Difference from “〜ずにはいられない”
Japanese 〜禁じ得ない is a formal expression used when an emotion or psychological reaction cannot be suppressed. This guide explains its structure, common combinations, pronunciation, and differences from 〜ずにはいられない, 〜ないではいられない, and 〜ざるを得ない.
What Does Japanese “〜方” Mean? Conjugation, Three Uses, and a Complete Comparison with “方法” and “仕方”
Japanese “〜方（かた）” turns a verb into an expression meaning “the way or method of doing something.” The rule is very consistent: first change the verb into its ます form, remove “ます,” and then add “方.” “読む→読み方,” “使う→使い方,” and “行く→行き方” all follow the same pattern.What tends to cause confusion is what happens to particles after the …
Why Can Japanese Honorific Requests Feel Pressuring? Understanding “Politeness Pressure” Through いただけますか and 幸いです
Japanese honorific requests can sound polite while leaving little room for refusal. This guide compares してください, いただけますか, 幸いです and させていただく, and explains how deadlines, workload and power relationships affect the pressure of a request.